Cell Division
Knowledge-based Questions & Answers:
Ques-1. What is multicellular organism?
Ans: The organisms whose bodies are formed with multiple cells are called multicellular organisms.
Ques-2. What is cell division?
Ans: The process through which cells divide for the growth and reproduction of organisms is called cell division.
Ques-3. What is unicellular organism?
Ans: The organisms whose bodies are formed with one cell only are called unicellular organisms.
Ques-4. What is amitosis?
Ans: The division in which the nucleus of a cell divides directly into two parts is called amitosis cell division.
Ques-5. What is karyokinesis?
Ans: The division of nucleus is called karyokinesis.
Ques-6. What is cytokinesis?
Ans: The division of cytoplasm is called cytokinesis.
Ques-7. When is spindle apparatus produced in mitosis cell division?
Ans: Spindle apparatus is produced at the beginning of pro-metaphase in mitosis cell division.
Ques-8. Why traction fiber is called chromosomal fiber?
Ans: Since the traction fibers are attached to chromosomes, they are called chromosomal fibers.
Ques-9. What is traction fiber?
Ans: During pro-metaphase, the fibers of the spindle apparatus attached to the chromosomal centromere are called traction fibers.
Ques-10. What is equator?
Ans: The middle plane of the spindle apparatus between two poles is called equator.
Ques-11. At which stage of mitosis are the chromosomes the shortest and widest?
Ans: During metaphase, the chromosomes are the shortest and widest.
Ques-12. What is equational cell division?
Ans: The cell division in which the chromosome number of mother cells remain identical to the daughter cells, it is called equational cell division.
Ques-13. What is Spindle apparatus?
Ans: At the very early time of the pro-metaphase stage in mitosis cell division, the apparatüs having two poles is developed in plant cells from fiber protein, which is called spindle apparatus.
Ques-14. What is aster ray?
Ans: At the pro-metaphase stage in mitosis, the rays dispersed from around the two sides of the centriole are called aster rays.
Ques-15. Where does mitosis occur?
Ans: Mitosis occurs in the body cells of animals and in the meristems of the plant parts growing, such as the tip of stems and roots, plumule and radicle, developing leaves, buds etc.
Ques-16. What is Somatic cell?
Ans: Somatic cells are the cells that build up the body of living organisms.
Ques-17. What is kinetochore?
Ans: Kinetochores are disc-shaped protein structures assembled on centromeres and link the chromosomes with mitotic spindles.
Ques-18. What is interphase?
Ans: Before the starting of the cell division, or between two consecutive divisions, a cell has to prepare itself at a stage called interphase.
Ques-19. Where does mitosis occur?
Ans: Mitosis occurs in body cells in living organisms.
Ques-20. What is spindle fiber?
Ans: The fibers dispersed from one pole of the spindle apparatus to another pole are called spindle fibers.
Ques-21. What is cell plate?
Ans: At the end of the stage telophase, some small parts from endoplasmic reticulum aggregate in the equatorial plane and collectively form the structure called cell plate.
Ques-22. What is spindle fiber?
Ans: The fibers dispersed from one pole of the spindle apparatus to another pole are called spindle fibers.
Ques-23. What is meiosis cell division?
Ans: The special process of cell division where four daughter cells are produced from an eukaryotic cell is called meiosis cell division.
Ques-24. What is haploid?
Ans: During meiosis when the number of chromosomes in daughter cells becomes half of the mother cell, then the feature of possessing half number of chromosomes is called haploid.
Ques-25. What is diploid?
Ans: When the haploid cells are fused, the state of cell having two sets of chromosomes is called diploid.
Ques-26. What is crossing over?
Ans: The genetic transfer between two non-sister chromatids in meiosis cell division is called crossing over.